PURA LUHUR BESIKALUNG IN BALI

Pura Luhur Besikalung located in a mountainous area on the southern slopes of Mount Batukaru. In the territory of this region including the territory of Jatiluwih. But that became pengempon Temple is in the Indigenous Villages Ulu sub-district Babahan Village, Penebel, Tabanan Regency. The location of the temple if taken from Denpasar reaches approximately 50 km towards the South side of Mount Batukaru.

Although not many sources that can serve as a handbook on the history of the founding of the temple, but there is some information that can be used as an alternativeon the origin of the temple. First source: Inscription Babahan i. which many caka 839 (917 M) stored in Indigenous Villages Jambelangu Pura Puseh Bolangan menyantumkan sentence which reads ' ... ... ... .... Cala Silunglung Kaklungan Pangulumbigyan ... '. Where this word can be translated, Bale (Cala Silunglung), kaklungan and purification ceremony (Pangulumbigyan). From the sentence it is very possible that the name Iron Necklace comes from the word ' Silunglung ' which changed Cala its mention being into ' Sikalung ' and then again undergoes a change of ' Besikalung '.

While the second source comes from the presence of Lingga on principal palinggih(great). And according to Jero Agung Regent when the phallus was struck then will issue a loud voice as iron. The shape of lingam it long and rounded at the top is adorned with a necklace, like a circle of melingkarinya. Then from the phallus-like berkalung that finally this temple called Pura Luhur Besikalung. Why the name of the temple is the front side contains the word sublime because it is above the hills. "The word Besikalung is also linked with the word meaning iron fenced Pagerwesi days circular," said Jero Agung Mangku Besikalung Sublime, I Gede Sukayasa. Pagerwesi days,feast day falls every Budha Kliwon Shinta to coincide with the anniversary in this temple. Budha kliwon Pagerwesi days according to the epigraph Sunari gama as worship/payogan Sang Hyang Pramesti Guru one of astek Ciwa omnipotence as the great Teacher who is honored by the gods and all the living beings. While Ida Bhatara malingga in Palinggih Principal (great) according to the epigraph Druwen Pura 185-186 thing mentioned ' samg Hyang Ciwa Shakti ' with all his omnipotence astek. Based on the sources mentioned above and in accordance with the historic heritage in the form of objects Antiquities can be estimated that the Pura Luhur besikalung dating back to the IX-XII century a.d. can be seen also from the structural palinggih of thebebaturan in the Antiquities called tat stone passage. That indicates that it is a relicof the megalithic era (jman large rock). Characteristics of the cult at this age is a combination of the cult of the Holy Spirit ancestors or those who are honored with the conception-to-God conception-an influx of Hindu India through dri. This era was also referred to with the era of Apaniaga that is the transition from the era of Bali Agatowards the era of Javanese cultural influences with the Classical Hindu order.

Based on Inscriptions found in the Babahan i. Pura Puseh Jambelangu tells the journey of King Sri Ugracena to North Bali and had stopped at the Hermitage (pesraman)in the Pita Maha Rsi Petung Bang Hyang Sidhi, he is also referred to as Bhiku Dharmeswara. King Sri Ugracena give the orders and authority on Pita Maha Rsi to complete religious ceremony for those who died angulah pati, pati wrong. It is a great privilege and specificity Babahan i. Inscription is arguably the only Balinese ceremony which contains Inscriptions Wrong pati, Pati Angulah. Bang Hyang Sidhi called Babahan i. inscription in the now called Bangkyang Sidem is located directly East of Pura Luhur Iron necklace only separated by the River (Yeh Ho). Pura subak Bangkyang Sidem as sites of Antiquities there are 2 units of the small temple is estimated as the residence of the Rsi and the other is located in the southern part of somewhat under estimated as daily worship him. If this hypothesis is correct then there is a possibility of Pura Luhur Iron Necklace by Pita Maha Rsi was founded during the reign of King Ugracena who ruled or reigned at the caka 837-864 or about 915-942 m. considering the inscription Babahan i. many Caka 839 (917 M).